U.S. Healthcare System Explained for Migrants

Healthcare in the United States can be confusing, even for people born in the country. For new migrants, it may feel like a maze of rules, costs and paperwork. This guide aims to explain how to navigate the U.S. healthcare system simply and safely. 

Understanding the U.S. Healthcare System

• Unlike in other countries, healthcare in the U.S. is not guaranteed. Many services are private and costly. 
• There are public programs such as Medicaid, Children’s Health Insurance Program (CHIP) , Medicare and private insurance plans. 
• Some health clinics and community centers provide care regardless of your insurance or immigration status. 

Photo credit: Idaho CFC

Who Qualifies for Public Health Programs?

• Migrants’ eligibility depends on immigration status, state laws, income and length of residence. 
• Undocumented immigrants generally cannot enroll in Medicaid or CHIP. 
• Some lawfully present immigrants can access the Health Insurance Marketplace and may get subsidies.
• Refugees, asylees and certain immigrants may be able to use Medicaid or CHIP without waiting periods. 
• Some states have more generous rules, check your state’s Medicaid or public health office. 

Where to Go for Care?

• Primary care (doctor’s office): For routine visits, check-ups, non-emergency issues.
• Urgent care clinics: For non-life-threatening problems that need attention soon. 
• Emergency room (ER): Only for serious, life-threatening conditions. Costs may be very high. 
• Community health centers/Federally Qualified Health Centers (FQHCs): These centers serve underserved populations, often offering language help and sliding-scale fees. 
• Migrant health centers: Especially for migrant workers and their families, these centers provide culturally competent and affordable care. 

Photo credit: GGA Build

Practical Tips for Migrants

1. Carry identification and any insurance documents to your visits. 
2. Ask for language services or an interpreter, many facilities must provide this. 
3. Keep copies of your medical records (vaccinations, prescriptions). 
4. Know your rights in emergencies, hospitals must treat emergency cases even if the patient has no insurance.
5. Use community clinics or sliding-scale clinics if you have low income or no insurance. 

Staying Healthy in Your New Home

• Preventive care helps avoid big medical bills later. Schedule regular check-ups and screenings.
• Maintain good habits: balanced diet, exercise, rest and stress management. 
• Stay connected to your community and family, emotional support matters. 

Navigating U.S. healthcare may feel hard, but with knowledge and resources, you can manage it well. Know what programs you may qualify for, where to go for care and keep your records ready. Use community clinics, ask questions and don’t let fear hold you back. Health is one of your most important assets, take care of it for yourself and those you love. 

Staying healthy also protects your family back home. Stay connected by sending money and love through Smiles Mobile Remittance. It is Japan’s absolute No. 1 mobile remittance app and is coming soon to the United States. Get ready to enjoy 24/7 multilingual customer support, an everyday great rate and low fees.